{"id":5151,"date":"2026-10-08T05:37:24","date_gmt":"2026-10-08T05:37:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jalinfoundation.or.id\/?p=5151"},"modified":"2026-10-08T05:37:28","modified_gmt":"2026-10-08T05:37:28","slug":"the-dangers-of-secondhand-smoke-a-real-threat-of-blood-vessel-hardening","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jalinfoundation.or.id\/id\/the-dangers-of-secondhand-smoke-a-real-threat-of-blood-vessel-hardening\/","title":{"rendered":"The Dangers of Secondhand Smoke: A Real Threat of Blood Vessel Hardening"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>Recently, a viral Instagram post shared the story of a woman from South Tangerang who was rushed to the Emergency Room (ER) due to experiencing hardened blood vessels. The cause? Years of being a passive smoker from inhaling her partner&#8217;s cigarette smoke. This condition serves as a loud alarm that the dangers of cigarette smoke do not just damage the respiratory system, but also trigger fatal damage to blood vessels, especially for those with a history of high blood pressure.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>How Does Cigarette Smoke Damage Blood Vessels?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>When cigarette smoke is inhaled, toxic substances enter through the nose or mouth, pass through the throat, and end up in the lungs. Inside the lungs are millions of tiny air sacs (alveoli) surrounded by capillary blood vessels. Because the alveolar walls are so thin, thousands of harmful chemicals from cigarettes\u2014including nicotine and carbon monoxide\u2014penetrate directly into the bloodstream (Parmar, 2023).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The entry of these toxic substances triggers a chain reaction that damages the circulatory system:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Blood Vessel Constriction:<\/strong>\u00a0Nicotine causes blood vessels to constrict drastically and increases blood pressure.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Endothelial Damage:<\/strong>\u00a0Chemical exposure damages the endothelium, the protective layer on the inside of blood vessel walls.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Plaque Buildup (Atherosclerosis):<\/strong>\u00a0Continuous damage triggers inflammation and plaque accumulation. If left untreated, this plaque risks rupturing and forming a deadly blood clot (thrombosis) (Messner, 2014).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Fatal Risks of Blood Vessel Constriction on Vital Organs<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Blood vessels are like main highways that distribute oxygen and nutrients. When this road is blocked by plaque, various body organs will experience a life-threatening decline in function:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Heart:<\/strong>\u00a0Constriction of blood vessels around the heart triggers coronary heart disease and heart attacks. Early symptoms include chest pain, shortness of breath, palpitations, easy fatigue, and nausea (NIH, 2024).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Brain:<\/strong>\u00a0If the blood supply to the brain is cut off, the risk of stroke increases drastically. Stroke signs often appear suddenly, such as a drooping face on one side, paralysis or numbness in the limbs, vision disturbances, and difficulty speaking (Mandaya, 2025).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Kidneys:<\/strong>\u00a0Poor blood flow to the kidneys disrupts their toxin-filtering function, triggering chronic kidney disease. Common symptoms are swelling in the legs, nausea, loss of appetite, and a decrease in urination frequency (Stanford Health Care, 2026).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>The Looming Threat for Passive Smokers<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cigarette smoke contains more than 7,000 chemicals, dozens of which are carcinogenic or cancer-causing (Gupta, 2024). The danger is not only in the air (<em>secondhand smoke<\/em>). Toxic residue from cigarette smoke can stick and persist for a long time on walls, clothes, curtains, and home furniture (<em>thirdhand smoke<\/em>) (Arfaeinia, 2023; Matt, 2023).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Global data estimates that around 1.2 to 1.3 million non-smokers die every year due to exposure to cigarette smoke. Medically and scientifically, it is proven that there is no safe level of exposure to cigarette smoke for passive smokers (Nawawi, 2025).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>How to Protect Yourself and Create a Smoke-Free Environment<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Avoiding exposure to cigarette smoke requires more than just avoiding people who are smoking. It requires systemic change and social environment support:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Implement Smoke-Free Home Rules:<\/strong>\u00a0Ban all forms of smoking activities inside the house, especially around children, pregnant women, and the elderly.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Speak Up:<\/strong>\u00a0Do not hesitate to move away or politely ask someone not to smoke near you when in public spaces.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Join Positive Communities:<\/strong>\u00a0Support healthy environment movements like the RAW Generation campaign by the Indonesian Communication Network Foundation (<em>Yayasan Jalin Komunikasi Indonesia<\/em>). This program actively encourages young men to build a healthy, positive lifestyle free from the bad influence of cigarettes.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Utilize Peer Counseling Services:<\/strong>\u00a0For teenagers (13\u201319 years old) who already smoke and want to quit, assistance services are available from PKBI and the Indonesian Communication Network Foundation. A peer counselor approach makes the quitting process safer, more supportive, and free of judgment.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Blood vessel health is indeed influenced by many factors, ranging from diet and physical activity to blood pressure and diabetes. However, eliminating exposure to cigarette smoke is a crucial step to prevent blood vessel blockage before it&#8217;s too late.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Referensi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Arfaeinia, H., Ghaemi, M., Jahantigh, A., Soleimani, F., &amp; Hashemi, H. (2023). Secondhand and thirdhand smoke: a review on chemical contents, exposure routes, and protective strategies.\u00a0<em>Environmental Science and Pollution Research International<\/em>, 1 &#8211; 13.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11356-023-28128-1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11356-023-28128-1<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Gupta, A., Bansal, A., Dixit, P., &amp; Kumar, K. A. (2024). The crossroads of work and home: linkages between smoke-free policies at work and household environments.\u00a0<em>BMC Public Health<\/em>, 24.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12889-024-18658-9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12889-024-18658-9<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mandaya. (2025).\u00a0<em>Mengenal Aterosklerosis dan Penanganannya<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/mandayahospitalgroup.com\/id\/mengenal-aterosklerosis-dan-penanganannya-di-rs-mandaya-royal-puri\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/mandayahospitalgroup.com\/id\/mengenal-aterosklerosis-dan-penanganannya-di-rs-mandaya-royal-puri\/<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Matt, G., Greiner, L., Record, R. A., et al. (2023). Policy-relevant differences between secondhand and thirdhand smoke: strengthening protections from involuntary exposure to tobacco smoke pollutants.\u00a0<em>Pengendalian Merokok<\/em>, 33.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/tc-2023-057971\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/tc-2023-057971<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Messner, B., &amp; Bernhard, D. (2014). Smoking and cardiovascular disease: mechanisms of endothelial dysfunction and early atherogenesis.\u00a0<em>Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology<\/em>, 34 3, 509-15.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/atvbaha.113.300156\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/atvbaha.113.300156<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Nawawi, M., Balachandran, P., Janakiram, C., Sreedevi, A., Menon, J. C., &amp; Thankappan, K. (2025). Effectiveness of Smoke-Free Home-based Interventions in Reducing Second-Hand Smoke Exposure in Children and Adults: A Systematic Review.\u00a0<em>Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention: APJCP<\/em>, 26, 3145 &#8211; 3156.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.31557\/apjcp.2025.26.9.3145\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.31557\/apjcp.2025.26.9.3145<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>NIH (National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute). (2024).\u00a0<em>Atherosclerosis Symptoms<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nhlbi.nih.gov\/health\/atherosclerosis\/symptoms\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.nhlbi.nih.gov\/health\/atherosclerosis\/symptoms<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Parmar, M. P., Kaur, M., Bhavanam, S., et al. (2023). A Systematic Review of the Effects of Smoking on the Cardiovascular System and General Health.\u00a0<em>Cureus<\/em>, 15.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.38073\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.38073<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Siloam. (2025).\u00a0<em>Mengenal Aterosklerosis, Kondisi Penumpukan plak di Arteri<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.siloamhospitals.com\/informasi-siloam\/artikel\/apa-itu-aterosklerosis\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.siloamhospitals.com\/informasi-siloam\/artikel\/apa-itu-aterosklerosis<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Stanford Health Care. (2026).\u00a0<em>Atherosclerosis Symptoms<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/stanfordhealthcare.org\/medical-conditions\/blood-heart-circulation\/atherosclerosis\/symptoms.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/stanfordhealthcare.org\/medical-conditions\/blood-heart-circulation\/atherosclerosis\/symptoms.html<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Recently, a viral Instagram post shared the story of a woman from South Tangerang who was rushed to the Emergency Room (ER) due to experiencing hardened blood vessels. The cause? Years of being a passive smoker from inhaling her partner&#8217;s cigarette smoke. This condition serves as a loud alarm that the dangers of cigarette smoke [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5152,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[36],"tags":[],"program":[],"tahun":[],"class_list":["post-5151","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-story"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>The Dangers of Secondhand Smoke: A Real Threat of Blood Vessel Hardening - Jalin Foundation<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/jalinfoundation.or.id\/id\/the-dangers-of-secondhand-smoke-a-real-threat-of-blood-vessel-hardening\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"id_ID\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The Dangers of Secondhand Smoke: A Real Threat of Blood Vessel Hardening - Jalin Foundation\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Recently, a viral Instagram post shared the story of a woman from South Tangerang who was rushed to the Emergency Room (ER) due to experiencing hardened blood vessels. 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